C Picks 17 - SBCC and Family Planning and HIV Case Studies, Briefs, Guides, and Tools
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SBCC and Family Planning and HIV Case Studies, Briefs, Guides, and Tools C-Picks #17 opens with a focus on two C-Change family planning projects - one in Albania that used SBCC (including mass media and peer education) to increase awareness and uptake of modern contraceptives among young adults; and one in Kenya that used mass media, billboards, posters and materials distributed at local health facilities to promote child spacing and informed choice of modern contraceptives. Also featured in this issue is C-Change's updated SBCC Capacity Assessment Tool (SBCC-CAT), in two versions (for organisations and donor/networks) for use in workshop and meeting venues together with a facilitator, to determine competencies in design, implementation, and monitoring and evaluation (M&E) of health and development SBCC programmes across five areas: 1) SBCC Situation Analysis, 2) SBCC Strategy Development, 3) SBCC Materials Development, 4) SBCC Implementation, and 5) SBCC M&E. This issue continues with an article examining the use of mobile technologies for family planning, and several case studies on the integration of family planning and HIV prevention programming. Three resources on messaging and tools to address social norm behaviours and gender equity issues follow, with a final focus on four resources which can be used to support community SBCC processes, including the Community Conversation Toolkit for HIV Prevention. Trouble reading this edition? View it online - http://www.comminit.com/c-change-picks/c-picks-17.html C-CHANGE - SBCC TOOLS AND FAMILY PLANNING CAMPAIGNS 1. Improving Access to and Use of Modern Contraceptive Methods - C-Change/Albania 2. Family Planning Media Campaign - C-Change/Kenya 3. SBCC Capacity Assessment Tool (SBCC-CAT) – C-Change SBCC, FAMILY PLANNING, AND MOBILE TECHNOLOGIES 4. Family Planning Through the Mobile Phone in India INTEGRATING FAMILY PLANNING AND HIV 5. Addressing Norms and Behaviours Through Integration in Ethiopia and Kenya 6. Community Discussions to Raise Awareness and Rally Advocacy in Malawi 7. Interpersonal Communication and Mass Media Messaging in Zimbabwe SBCC, SOCIAL NORMS, AND GENDER EQUITY 8. Paying Attention to Sociocultural, Economic, and Political Contexts in Southern Africa 9. Creating or Finding Community Activists To Spread Messages Is Key 10. IEC Tools for Community Based Volunteers and Community Prevention Mobilisers SBCC, SOCIAL NORMS, AND GENDER EQUITY 11. Community Conversation Toolkit for HIV Prevention 13. A Community Dialogue Guide on Relationships with a Focus on MCP 14. Facilitator's Guide for Training on HIV and AIDS Stigma and Discrimination Reduction C-CHANGE - SBCC TOOLS AND FAMILY PLANNING CAMPAIGNSS 1. Albania Family Planning: Improving Access to and Use of Modern Contraceptive Methods
2. Family Planning Media Campaign - Kenya
3. SBCC Capacity Assessment Tool (SBCC-CAT) from C-Change
SBCC, FAMILY PLANNING, AND MOBILE TECHNOLOGIES 4. Family Planning Through the Mobile Phone in India This November 2010 MobileActive.org article reports on an SMS (text message)-based delivery project of the Standard Days Method® (SDM) of family planning developed by the Institute for Reproductive Health (IRH) at Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States. Because of the high use of traditional methods for family planning, and the ubiquity of mobile phones reported in research in India, IRH developed a mobile platform for delivery of SDM called CycleTel™. The CycleTel system is designed to send users a message to let her know which days she can get pregnant. There may also be menu-based service built into the programme, where women can choose from a set of options to receive more information via SMS about alternative family planning methods, STI/HIV prevention, counseling and testing information, condom use and connect to local health clinics. Additionally, a helpline number is available for one-on-one consultation over the phone. INTEGRATING FAMILY PLANNING AND HIV 5. Addressing Norms and Behaviours Through Integration in Ethiopia and Kenya This March 2011 case study from USAID's AIDSTAR-One programme explores integration of family planning and HIV services as a promising strategy to prevent transmission of HIV, particularly from mother to child. This case study explores different models of integration and how they have been realised in Kenya and Ethiopia, 2 areas of high fertility and HIV prevalence. Specific activities and strategies as well as their outcomes and results, within both countries, are articulated in this study. Recommendations and conclusions, such as focus on addressing male gender norms and behaviours, are noted. 6. Community Discussions to Raise Awareness and Rally Advocacy in Malawi Completed in September of 2010, "Expanding Reproductive Rights Knowledge among HIV-positive Women and Girls - Tackling the Problem of Unsafe Abortion in Malawi", a final project report, summarises the development and implementation of a project carried out from February through June 2009 by the International Community of Women Living with HIV/AIDS (ICW) Malawi and Ipas in an effort to de-stigmatise unwanted pregnancy and abortion among women living with HIV in Malawi and to expand ICW Malawi's partnerships with other organisations in order to undertake reproductive rights advocacy. In brief, this report addresses the projects 3 main objectives, which were divided into several activities:
For more information about the Expanding Reproductive Rights Knowledge among HIV-positive Women and Girls project in Malawi, please click here. 7. Interpersonal Communication and Mass Media Messaging in Zimbabwe This April 2010 Populations Services International (PSI)/Zimbabwe brief, "Integration of Family Planning and HIV Services in Zimbabwe Hormonal Implants and Dual Protection Messages," examines a family planning/HIV integration programme that used counselling and mass media messaging to prevent primary infection of HIV and unintended pregnancies in young women, as well as vertical and horizontal HIV transmission in infected women and discordant couples. Developed by PSI/Zimbabwe under the Strategic Alliances with International NGOs (SALIN) project, the programme activities aimed at increasing both awareness and adoption of dual protection, which is the concurrent use of condoms and other contraceptive methods to prevent unintended pregnancies as well as HIV and sexually transmitted infections, among these groups: young women (age 15 to 29), infected women, and discordant couples. Conclusions of the project: counselling combined with direct, onsite access to family planning methods as well as female and male condoms or counselling combined with strong linkages to family planning service providers can increase dual protection use among women and couples. The dual protection communications campaigns could be adapted for use by other platforms working on HIV and family planning. SBCC, SOCIAL NORMS, AND GENDER EQUITY 8. Paying Attention to Sociocultural, Economic, and Political Contexts in Southern Africa According to this January 2010 SAfAIDS position paper, "The Southern African Quadrant Jeopardy: Interlinkages Between Culture, GBV, HIV and Women's Rights," the drivers of the HIV epidemic in southern Africa lie not only in gender inequalities, but also in the unique intricacies of the sociocultural, economic, and political contexts of the countries in the region, which form a sharp backdrop against which the increased vulnerability of women to HIV infection must be viewed. Southern African women's lower socio-economic, political, and cultural status inhibits them from making informed sexual and reproductive health choices to prevent HIV infection. Male attitudes and behaviours, intergenerational sex involving young girls and older men, harmful cultural practices that predispose women to HIV, and gender-based violence (GBV) are pervasive in the region and are upheld by beliefs, patriarchy, and lack of accountability to achievement of gender equality commitments. 9. Creating or Finding Community Activists To Spread Messages Is Key "Preventing Gender-Based Violence & HIV: Lessons from the Field,” an October 2010 AIDSTAR-One brief, describes the strategies of two organisations that have tackled the challenge of combining HIV and gender-based violence (GBV) prevention: Puntos de Encuentro in Nicaragua and Raising Voices in Uganda. As detailed here, an integrated strategy to address GBV in the context of HIV involves approaches such as advocacy and interpersonal communication. The brief addresses the question of how to get people to act on their increased knowledge and gender-equitable attitudes in the following way: “Both Puntos de Encuentro and Raising Voices emphasize that one source - be it a television show in the case of the former, or a SASA! workshop in the latter - is not enough to get people to take action. Both programs support activists to spread messages about human rights in relation to sexual health - including GBV - in schools, in the media, in religious institutions, and venues in the community on a long-term basis." 10. IEC Tools for Community Based Volunteers and Community Prevention Mobilisers Published by Southern Africa HIV and AIDS Information Dissemination Service (SAfAIDS), the “HIV and GBV Prevention Package for Community Based Volunteers (CBVs) and Community Prevention Mobilisers” is designed for community members working to prevent HIV and gender-based violence, and caring and supporting those affected. The package includes a series of drama and storytelling guides, and communication tools such as a flip chart and support and action cards. 11. Community Conversation Toolkit for HIV Prevention
This October 2010 case study, from AIDSTAR-One and the Y.R. Gaitonde Center for AIDS Research and Education (Y.R.G. CARE), explores the process and impact of the Collaborative HIV/STD Prevention Trial, a 5-year research intervention that sought to study alcohol consumption and risky sex among male patrons of wine shops in Chennai, South India. This BCC initiative involved identifying, recruiting, and training peer outreach workers called Community Popular Opinion Leaders (CPOLs), who communicated messages about safer sexual behaviour through informal, yet structured, one-on-one conversation with their peers. As reported in "Alcohol Consumption and HIV Risk: A Peer Education Strategy for Bar Patrons", there were increases in knowledge and self-reported risk reduction behaviours among patrons of wine shops targeted by the intervention. However, similar increases in knowledge and self-reported risk reduction behaviours were reported by patrons of bars that were not actively targeted or included in the intervention. A closer examination of this finding revealed that wine shop customers often patronise more than one wine shop, making it likely that CPOLs were also delivering messages in wine shops that were not involved in the intervention. For more information on the Collaborative HIV/STD Prevention Trial in India, please click here. 13. A Community Dialogue Guide on Relationships with a Focus on MCP From C-Change, "Relationships: Intimacy Without Risk - Facilitators Guide to MCP Community Dialogue Guide" emerges from the Relationships: Intimacy without Risk Community Dialogue programme in Lesotho, whose goal is to reduce the practice of multiple concurrent partnerships (MCP). It provides guidance for holding a series of conversations during which participants reflect on how they can improve their relationships and sexual lives without taking on extra lovers. In groups, dialogue sessions are spread over at least 11 weeks; the concept is that time is needed for people to think about what they are learning and to enable them to go through a process of change in their values, attitudes, and behaviour. 14. Facilitator's Guide for Training on HIV and AIDS Stigma and Discrimination Reduction Published by the Christian Council of Ghana (CCG) and World Association for Christian Communication (WACC) in May 2010, this guide is designed to build the capacity of community members to enable them to lead a campaign on stigma reduction in their communities. The guide lays out a systematic strategy for workshop discussions on issues such as moral judgments, stigmatising religious practices, and coping with stigma. It also includes illustrations on forms of stigma and discrimination adapted to an African social reality. C-Picks and SBCC Please visit the C-Picks website for more resources and information about social and behaviour change communication (SBCC). C-Picks continues to seek new knowledge and experiences in SBCC - case studies, strategic thinking, support materials, and other relevant documentation. Please contact cchange@comminit.com SBCC E-magazine C-Picks, supported by C-Change and implemented by The Communication Initiative, is an e-magazine that highlights social and behaviour change communication (SBCC) case studies, reports, analyses, and resources in the health sector (HIV and AIDS, family planning and reproductive health, malaria, and maternal and antenatal health). FHI 360 has acquired the programmes, expertise, and assets of AED.
This publication is made possible by the support of the American people through the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) under the terms of Agreement No. GPO-A-00-07-00004-00. The contents are the responsibility of The Communication Initiative and the C-Change project and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government. |
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