Health Risk Communication Process Matrix
Source | Message (content) | Channel (process) | Receiver (audience) | Outcome | Eval- uation |
NIH/ NCI | Improving detection of melanoma | Audiovisuals, videotapes, pamphlets, slides | General public, health professionals, patients, clinicians | Reduced incidence rates, cost savings in surgery and hospitalisation. | Impact |
NIH/ NLM | Rapid dissemin- ation and access to vital health information | MEDLARS network | Health professionals, librarians | Praise, concern and disappointment from health care community. | None |
CDC/ NCEH | Exposure to radiation doses | Printed mats., 800 #, media outreach, public mtgs. | Community around Hanford Nuclear Facility | Build community trust and support | Process, outcome |
NIH/ NIEHS | Fluoride's overall risks and benefits | Professional journals, public communication | Communities, public advocacy groups | Allay public concerns, prevent cessation of fluoridation programmes | Informal |
FDA | Notify and alert TMJ patients | Media outreach, press releases, journal advertise- ments, notification letters | Patients, health professionals | Patients motivated to action (I.e.: joined registry, contacted physician | Under- way |
NIH/ NIMH | Reducing risky sexual behaviours | Videotapes, skills training, private counseling | Teenage runaways | Increase in condom use,reduce high- risk behaviour patterns. | Process, impact |
ATSDR | Environ- mental education and information for health profess- ionals | Case Studies in Environmental Medicine series | Health care professionals | Enhance communication betw. physician and patient, improve diagnostic and treatment skills. | Process |
FDA | Identify and alert heart valve patients | Press releases, press confs., notification letters, journal ads. | Patients, consumers, health profs., manufacturers. | Identified and notified 16,000 of 23,000 patients | Process |
NIH/ NIEHS | Chronic drug users are at risk for developing kidney disease. | Press releases, background material, news- paper articles. | Consumers, physicians, manufacturers | Create awareness about risk of analgesic use | Un- specified |
ATSDR | Explain science, build trust and credibility | Public sessions, community org.s, interpersonal contact, media outreach | Community, environmental activists, other fed. agencies | Increase public trust and support | Process |
Source
'Recommendations to Improve Health Risk Communication: Lessons Learned from the U.S. Public Health Service', by Tim L. Tinker Journal of Health Communication, Vol. 1, pp. 197-217, 1996.
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